IP-V4

Hello friends i'm very exited to write this blog on ip adresses . Here is a sort introduction of ip adresses , their ranges and types of ip adresses.

What is an ip adress?

  Each system on local or a global network like internet is uniquely identified by its ineternet protocal (IP)
an IP adress is look like this:

      10.0.10.172

for making it easire to remember it by us it is expressed as an dotted decimal format which is a 32-bit adress protocal . machine on a network communicate to each other in its own local language which is binary form.
lets see how will it look like the above no. in binary form.


00001100.00000000.00001100.11001001

 these looks like four no.in which each called an octet. because each contain 8 digit no. each digit is either 1 or 0. o's and 1's are used to any number in to dotted decimal form.
The maximum number of combinations can be 0 to 255.by combining these octet u have 2³² or a possible 4,294,967,296 possible numbers!
out of thse some of the ips are not used . Some of the following ip's get waste in network address and others in Broadcast adress. 


Different classes of ip adresses::>

IP Adress Classes

To support different sizes of networks   IP address space is divided in to five address classes, class A Through E.

Only classes A through C are assigned to hosts.

Each class designation fixes the boundary between the network no. and the host no. at a different point within the 32-bit address.

Class A : 0-127

Class B : 128-191

Class C : 192-223

Class D : 224-239(Multicast)

Class E : 240-255(Reserved Experimental)

Class A addresses :  In a class A address, first byte is in 0-127 range and also identifies the Network:, the final three bytes identifies the Host. Ex. N.H.H.H (N->Network, H->Host). Up to 126 class A networks can be created, each having up to 16,777,214 Hosts. Network ID 127 is used for Loopback address.

Class B addresses :  In a class B address, first byte is in 128-191 range. First two bytes identifies the Network:, the last two bytes identifies the Host. Ex. N.N.H.H (N->Network, H->Host). Up to 126 class B networks can be created, each having up to 16,338 Hosts. Network ID 65,534 is used for Loopback address.

Class C addresses :  In a class C address, first byte is in 128-191 range. First three bytes identifies the Network:, the last byte identifies the Host. Ex. N.N.N.H (N->Network, H->Host). Up to 126 class C networks can be created, each having up to 2,097,152 Hosts. Network ID 254 is used for Loopback address.

Class D addresses :  In a class D address, first byte is in 224-239 range. First four bits are 1,1,1 and 0. Are used for multicast packet. Is used for transfer message from one host to Group of hosts on the network.

Class E addresses :  In a class E address, first byte is in 240-255 range. First four bits are 1,1,1,1 and 0. Are reserved for experimental use nad potential future addressing mode . are used for Broadcast.

.